Science Environmental Science

Ecology and Ecosystems

A practical introduction to how living systems interact, adapt, and change

Ecology and Ecosystems logo
Quick Course Facts
20
Self-paced, Online, Lessons
20
Videos and/or Narrated Presentations
6.9
Approximate Hours of Course Media
About the Ecology and Ecosystems Course

Ecology and Ecosystems is a Science course that gives students a clear, practical introduction to how living systems interact, adapt, and change. Through focused lessons on organisms, populations, communities, energy flow, biodiversity, and conservation, students build the ecological understanding needed to make sense of the natural world and today’s environmental challenges.

Explore Science Through Ecology And Ecosystems

  • Build a strong foundation in Ecology and Ecosystems, from ecological organization to global biomes.
  • Learn how abiotic and biotic factors shape survival, adaptation, and species interactions.
  • Understand food webs, nutrient cycles, biodiversity, succession, and ecosystem resilience.
  • Apply Science concepts to human impacts, climate change, conservation, restoration, and sustainable management.

A practical introduction to how living systems interact, adapt, and change through Ecology and Ecosystems.

This course introduces the core ideas of ecological Science in a structured, approachable way. Students begin with the foundations of ecology, learning what ecologists study, why ecosystems matter, and how life is organized from individual organisms to populations, communities, ecosystems, and biomes.

As the course progresses, students examine how organisms fit into their environments through adaptation, natural selection, competition, cooperation, predation, mutualism, and ecological niches. Lessons on energy flow and nutrient cycling explain how food chains, food webs, trophic levels, ecosystem productivity, and the water, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles keep living systems connected.

Students also explore ecosystem structure and change, including biodiversity, stability, resilience, keystone species, disturbance, succession, and recovery. The final lessons connect Ecology and Ecosystems to real-world Science topics such as human impacts, invasive species, habitat fragmentation, extinction risk, climate change, conservation, restoration, and sustainable ecosystem management. By the end of the course, students will be able to think like ecologists, recognize patterns in living systems, and better understand how environmental decisions affect the future of life on Earth.

Course Lessons

Full lesson breakdown

Lessons are organized by topic area and each includes descriptive copy for search visibility and student clarity.

Foundations of Ecology

3 lessons

This lesson introduces ecology as the scientific study of relationships among organisms and between organisms and their physical environment. Students learn how ecologists ask questions at multiple le…

Lesson 2: Levels of Ecological Organization

17 min
This lesson introduces the main levels of ecological organization: organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, and biosphere. Students learn how each level focuses attention on different ecolog…

Lesson 3: Abiotic and Biotic Factors in Ecosystems

19 min
Every ecosystem is shaped by both abiotic factors , the nonliving physical and chemical conditions, and biotic factors , the living organisms and their interactions. This lesson explains how factors s…

Organisms and Environments

1 lesson

Lesson 4: Adaptation, Natural Selection, and Ecological Fit

20 min
This lesson explains how adaptation and natural selection connect organisms to their environments. Students learn that ecological fit is not about perfection or deliberate improvement, but about trait…

Population Ecology

2 lessons

Lesson 5: Population Growth, Limits, and Carrying Capacity

21 min
This lesson introduces the core ideas of population ecology: how ecologists describe populations, why populations grow or shrink, and what limits growth over time. Students learn the difference betwee…

Lesson 6: Competition, Cooperation, and Survival Strategies

19 min
In this lesson, students examine how populations persist when individuals must compete for limited resources, cooperate under certain conditions, and use survival strategies shaped by environmental pr…

Community Ecology

2 lessons

Lesson 7: Predation, Herbivory, Parasitism, and Mutualism

22 min
This lesson examines four major kinds of species interactions that structure ecological communities: predation , herbivory , parasitism , and mutualism . Each interaction affects survival, reproductio…

Lesson 8: Ecological Niches and Species Roles

18 min
This lesson explains ecological niches as the practical "way of life" of a species: the resources it uses, the conditions it tolerates, and the roles it plays in a community. Students will distinguish…

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling

3 lessons

Lesson 9: Food Chains, Food Webs, and Trophic Levels

21 min
This lesson explains how energy moves through ecosystems from producers to consumers and decomposers. Students learn the difference between a simple food chain and a more realistic food web, how troph…

Lesson 10: Energy Transfer and Ecosystem Productivity

20 min
This lesson explains how energy enters ecosystems, moves through trophic levels, and is gradually lost as heat through metabolism. Students learn the difference between gross primary productivity and …

Lesson 11: The Water, Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Cycles

23 min
This lesson explains how matter moves through ecosystems by tracing the water, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles. Unlike energy, which flows through ecosystems and is eventually lost as heat, nu…

Ecosystem Structure and Change

3 lessons

Lesson 12: Biodiversity, Stability, and Resilience

21 min
This lesson explains how biodiversity influences ecosystem stability and resilience. Students distinguish species richness, evenness, genetic diversity, and functional diversity, then connect those id…

Lesson 13: Keystone Species, Foundation Species, and Ecosystem Engineers

19 min
This lesson explains three high-impact ecological roles: keystone species , foundation species , and ecosystem engineers . Each role describes a different way that certain organisms can shape communit…

Lesson 14: Disturbance, Succession, and Ecosystem Recovery

22 min
Disturbance is not an exception to ecosystem life; it is one of the main forces that shapes ecological communities. Fires, floods, storms, droughts, disease outbreaks, grazing, invasive species, and h…

Ecosystems Around the World

2 lessons

Lesson 15: Biomes and Global Patterns of Life

20 min
This lesson introduces biomes as large-scale ecological regions shaped mainly by climate, especially temperature and precipitation. Students learn how latitude, elevation, ocean currents, and seasonal…

Lesson 16: Freshwater, Marine, and Wetland Ecosystems

21 min
This lesson examines three major aquatic ecosystem types: freshwater, marine, and wetlands. Students learn how salinity, water movement, depth, light, oxygen, nutrients, and surrounding land shape the…

Applied Ecology

4 lessons

Lesson 17: Human Impacts on Ecosystems

22 min
Human activities now shape ecosystems at every scale, from local streams and forests to the global climate system. This lesson examines the major pathways of impact: habitat change, pollution, overhar…

Lesson 18: Invasive Species, Habitat Fragmentation, and Extinction Risk

23 min
This lesson examines three applied ecology problems that often interact: invasive species, habitat fragmentation, and extinction risk. Students learn why some introduced species become invasive, how f…

Lesson 19: Climate Change and Ecological Response

22 min
This lesson examines how climate change affects ecological systems through shifts in temperature, precipitation, seasonality, disturbance regimes, and ocean chemistry. Rather than treating climate cha…

Lesson 20: Conservation, Restoration, and Sustainable Ecosystem Management

24 min
This lesson applies ecological principles to real-world decisions about protecting, repairing, and managing ecosystems. It distinguishes conservation from restoration, explains how managers set goals …
About Your Instructor
Professor Bo Bennett

Professor Bo Bennett

Professor Bo Bennett guides this AI-built Virversity course with a clear, practical teaching style.