Philosophy Religion and Society

Atheism, Agnosticism, and Humanism

A clear, comparative introduction to nonreligious thought, secular ethics, and modern humanist life

Atheism, Agnosticism, and Humanism logo
Quick Course Facts
18
Self-paced, Online, Lessons
18
Videos and/or Narrated Presentations
6.0
Approximate Hours of Course Media
About the Atheism, Agnosticism, and Humanism Course

Atheism, Agnosticism, and Humanism is a clear Philosophy course for learners who want to understand nonreligious thought with accuracy, fairness, and depth. Through historical context, ethical reflection, and practical examples, students gain a balanced framework for comparing belief, doubt, secular values, and modern humanist life.

Explore Philosophy Through Atheism, Agnosticism, And Humanism

  • Gain a clear, comparative introduction to nonreligious thought, secular ethics, and modern humanist life.
  • Compare Atheism, Agnosticism, Humanism, and secularism without oversimplifying their differences.
  • Examine major Philosophy questions about evidence, faith, morality, meaning, mortality, and knowledge.
  • Build a thoughtful personal position grounded in reason, humility, pluralism, and respectful dialogue.

This course introduces the Philosophy, history, ethics, and lived experience of Atheism, Agnosticism, and Humanism.

Students begin by defining belief, doubt, and nonbelief, then compare Atheism, Agnosticism, Humanism, and secularism as distinct but overlapping perspectives. The course traces the ancient roots of skepticism and naturalism, explores the Enlightenment relationship between religion, reason, and authority, and follows the rise of modern secular thought. Along the way, learners examine arguments for and against the existence of God, standards of evidence, intellectual humility, and the role of uncertainty in Philosophy. The course also moves beyond theory into secular ethics and modern humanist life, addressing morality without divine command, meaning and purpose in a finite life, grief without afterlife beliefs, secular communities, public life, pluralism, and global diversity in nonreligion. By the end, students will be able to discuss Atheism, Agnosticism, and Humanism with clarity, evaluate philosophical arguments more carefully, and articulate a more thoughtful personal worldview.

Course Lessons

Full lesson breakdown

Lessons are organized by topic area and each includes descriptive copy for search visibility and student clarity.

Foundations

2 lessons

This lesson establishes the basic vocabulary needed for a clear study of atheism, agnosticism, and humanism. It distinguishes belief from knowledge, doubt from denial, and nonbelief from hostility tow…

Lesson 2: Atheism, Agnosticism, Humanism, and Secularism Compared

20 min
This lesson establishes the working vocabulary for the course by comparing atheism , agnosticism , humanism , and secularism . These terms often appear together, but they answer different kinds of que…

Historical Development

3 lessons

Lesson 3: Ancient Roots of Skepticism and Naturalism

19 min
This lesson traces the ancient roots of skepticism and naturalism in several early philosophical traditions, with special attention to Greek, Roman, Indian, and Chinese examples. It shows that nonreli…

Lesson 4: Religion, Reason, and Authority in the Enlightenment

21 min
This lesson examines how Enlightenment thinkers challenged inherited religious authority by elevating reason, evidence, conscience, and public debate. It does not present the Enlightenment as simply a…

Lesson 5: Modern Atheism and the Rise of Secular Thought

20 min
This lesson traces the historical development of modern atheism and secular thought from the early modern period through the Enlightenment, the scientific revolution, nineteenth-century critique, and …

Humanism and Meaning

1 lesson

Lesson 6: Humanism as a Positive Worldview

18 min
This lesson presents humanism as more than the absence of religious belief. It introduces humanism as a positive worldview centered on human dignity, reason, compassion, ethical responsibility, and th…

Philosophical Questions

3 lessons

Lesson 7: Evidence, Faith, and Standards of Knowledge

22 min
This lesson examines how atheists, agnostics, religious believers, and humanists often differ in their standards for knowledge. Rather than treating “evidence” and “faith” as slogans, it defines them …

Lesson 8: Arguments for and Against the Existence of God

24 min
This lesson introduces the major philosophical arguments commonly used in debates about the existence of God, while keeping the focus comparative rather than devotional or polemical. Students examine …

Lesson 9: Agnosticism, Uncertainty, and Intellectual Humility

18 min
This lesson introduces agnosticism as a disciplined response to questions where evidence, definitions, and standards of proof are contested. Rather than treating uncertainty as indecision or weakness,…

Ethics and Values

2 lessons

Lesson 10: Morality Without Divine Command

23 min
This lesson examines how moral reasoning can be understood without appealing to divine command. It distinguishes the question Why be moral? from the question How do we know what is moral? , then intro…

Lesson 11: Meaning, Purpose, and Mortality in a Secular Life

21 min
This lesson examines how secular people can approach meaning, purpose, and mortality without appealing to divine command, an afterlife, or a cosmic plan. It distinguishes between cosmic meaning , whic…

Science and Inquiry

1 lesson

Lesson 12: Science, Skepticism, and the Limits of Explanation

20 min
This lesson examines how science and skepticism function within nonreligious thought without treating science as a complete substitute for religion, philosophy, ethics, or meaning. It explains why man…

Lived Humanism

2 lessons

Lesson 13: Secular Communities, Rituals, and Life Milestones

18 min
This lesson examines how nonreligious people build community, mark life milestones, and create meaningful rituals without appealing to supernatural authority. It focuses on lived humanism: the ordinar…

Lesson 14: Grief, Death, and Consolation Without Afterlife Beliefs

21 min
This lesson explores how nonreligious people can face death, grief, and consolation without relying on afterlife beliefs. It distinguishes between denying the reality of loss and finding humane ways t…

Society and Law

2 lessons

Lesson 15: Atheism and Humanism in Politics and Public Life

22 min
This lesson examines how atheism and humanism appear in politics, law, civic participation, and public life. It distinguishes nonreligious identity from political ideology, explains why secular govern…

Lesson 16: Pluralism, Dialogue, and Misconceptions About Nonbelief

19 min
This lesson examines how nonreligious people participate in pluralistic societies, especially where law, public institutions, and everyday dialogue include people with different religious and philosop…

Contemporary Perspectives

1 lesson

Lesson 17: Global Nonreligion and Cultural Diversity

20 min
This lesson examines nonreligion as a global and culturally diverse phenomenon rather than a single Western or intellectual tradition. Students compare how atheism, agnosticism, secularism, and humani…

Application

1 lesson

Lesson 18: Building a Thoughtful Personal Position

18 min
This lesson helps learners turn the course’s comparative material into a thoughtful personal position without forcing a fixed label. It focuses on clarifying what one believes, what one does not know,…
About Your Instructor
Professor Michael Edwards

Professor Michael Edwards

Professor Michael Edwards guides this AI-built Virversity course with a clear, practical teaching style.